PEWARISAN TRADISI WADIAN DADAS DALAM MASYARAKAT HINDU KAHARINGAN DI KECAMATAN AWANG KABUPATEN BARITO TIMUR PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU
ABSTRAK Wadian Dadas merupakan tradisi ritual pengobatan dan spiritualitas suku Dayak Ma’anyan yang memiliki nilai sakral sesuai dengan ajaran Hindu Kaharingan. Namun, seiring dengan arus modernisasi, tradisi ini menghadapi tantangan besar berupa krisis generasi penerus dan pergeseran makna dari ritual sakral menjadi sekadar seni pertunjukan komersial. Proses pewarisan ini harus dikelola melalui pola pendidikan yang tepat, sehingga menemukan cara agar nilai-nilai luhur di dalamnya tidak akan punah. Berdasarkan latar belakang diatas, maka peneliti merumuskan masalah yaitu: (1) Apakah nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Hindu dalam pewarisan tradisi Wadian Dadas di Kecamatan Awang Kabupaten Barito Timur, (2) Bagaimanakah pola Pendidikan Agama Hindu dalam pewarisan tradisi Wadian Dadas di Kecamatan Awang Kabupaten Barito Timur, (3) Bagaimanakah implikasi pola Pendidikan Agama Hindu terhadap pewarisan tradisi Wadian Dadas di Kecamatan Awang Kabupaten Barito Timur. Adapun teori yang digunakan untuk mengkaji permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Teori Pendidikan, (2) Teori Pewarisan dan (3) Teori Fungsional-Struktural. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari praktisi Wadian Dadas, Tokoh Adat, Guru Agama Hindu, serta masyarakat Hindu Kaharingan di Kecamatan Awang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Nilai Pendidikan Agama Hindu dalam tradisi Wadian Dadas meliputi aspek Tattwa (keyakinan pada Ranying Hatalla), Susila (etika pengendalian diri), dan Acara (pelaksanaan ritual) yang membentuk moralitas calon Wadian, (2) Pola pendidikan yang digunakan adalah pola informal dan non-formal melalui jalur Herediter (garis keturunan) dan Vocation (Panggilan Hati), dimana proses belajar terjadi secara alami melalui pengalaman langsung dan bimbingan guru, (3) Implikasi dari pola pendidikan ini adalah terjaganya eksistensi tradisi Wadian Dadas sebagai identitas religius, terciptanya mekanisme pertahanan budaya, serta terjaganya keseimbangan sosial dan spiritual masyarakat Hindu Kaharingan di Kecamatan Awang. ABSTRACT Wadian Dadas is a ritual tradition of healing and spirituality among the Dayak Ma’anyan people that holds sacred significance in accordance with the teachings of Kaharingan Hinduism. However, amid the tide of modernization, this tradition faces major challenges in the form of a crisis in the succession of practitioners and a shift in meaning from a sacred ritual to merely a commercial performance art. This process of transmission must be managed through appropriate educational approaches to ensure that the noble values embedded within the tradition do not become extinct. Based on the background described above, the researcher formulates the following research questions: (1) What are the Hindu educational values in the transmission of the Wadian Dadas tradition in Awang Subdistrict, East Barito Regency? (2) What is the pattern of Hindu education in the transmission of the Wadian Dadas tradition in Awang Subdistrict, East Barito Regency? (3) What are the implications of the Hindu educational model for the transmission of the Wadian Dadas tradition in Awang Subdistrict, East Barito Regency? The theories used to examine the issues in this study are: (1) Educational Theory, (2) Theory of Transmission, and (3) Functional-Structural Theory. The research method employed a qualitative approach using ethnography. The data collection techniques used were participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consisted of Wadian Dadas practitioners, traditional leaders, Hindu religious teachers, and the Kaharingan Hindu community in Awang Subdistrict. The research findings indicate that: (1) The values of Hindu education within the Wadian Dadas tradition encompass the aspects of Tattwa (belief in Alahtalla Ngaburiat Hyang Piumung Jaya Pakuluwi), Susila (ethics of self-control), and Acara (ritual practice), which shape the morality of prospective Wadian practitioners; (2) The educational model employed is an informal and non-formal one transmitted through the lines of descent (lineage) and Vocation (calling of the heart), where the learning process occurs naturally through direct experience and the guidance of teachers; (3) The implications of this educational model include the preservation of the Wadian Dadas tradition as a religious identity, the creation of mechanisms for cultural preservation, and the maintenance of social and spiritual balance within the Kaharingan Hindu community in Awang Subdistrict.